ROZMOWA WSTĘPNA

Człowiek

ZADANIE 1 STR. 11

1. age, 2. first name, 3. widower, 4. single, 5. address, 6. occupation, 7. marital

ZADANIE 2 STR. 12

A. handsome, scruffy, B. teenager, middle aged, C. short, straight, fair, D. face, freckles, E. tall, short, F. slim, well-built

ZADANIE 3 STR. 12

1. B, 2. A, 3. A, 4. C, 5. B, 6. A, 7. B

ZADANIE 4 STR. 13

1. married, 2. sociable, 3. loves, 4. generous, 5. middle-aged, 6. overweight, 7. short, 8. high-heeled

ZADANIE 5 STR. 13

1. birth, 2. infancy, 3. childhood, 4. adolescence, 5. middle age, 6. old age

ZADANIE 6 STR. 13

A. cheerful, patient, gentle, modest, mature, polite, sociable

B. rude, jealous, impatient, aggressive, cruel

ZADANIE 7 STR. 14

Red: brave, talkative, jealous

Blue: absent-minded, impatient, friendly

Green: ambitious, brave, respectful, clever

ZADANIE 8 STR. 14

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

There are some obvious differences between young and elderly people. Elderly ones often have poor health and are less physically fit. On the other hand, some senior citizens have a lot of stamina. Young people are more interested in what the future may bring. Pensioners may contemplate their past more often. They reflect on the memories when they were young. Young people usually live in a hurry, usually have a lot to do, are always running out of time. Elderly people live more peacefully and slowly, which means they may be more caring and mindful than younger people. This is not a rule, of course, more of a tendency. There are a lot of things which older people can teach younger generations. They’ve gone through different hardships and know what is important in life. They can give us a good perspective on life. That’s what my grandparents taught me. But they also taught me how to stay calm, how to achieve work-life balance. I’m not afraid of getting old, but I am afraid of death, end of life as I know it. But I don’t spend much time thinking about it. There’s no point. I hope to have a long and happy life, and when I retire I’d like to live peacefully in the country, plant flowers in a garden and have a lot of time to read books.

ZADANIE 9 STR. 15

1. on, 2. into, 3. in, 4. about, 5. of, 6. at, 7. of

ZADANIE 10 STR. 15

1. honesty, 2. responsibility, 3. wisdom, 4. justice, 5. compassion, 6. respect, 7. freedom, 8. tolerance, 9. loyalty, 10. equality, 11. personal development

Miejsce zamieszkania

ZADANIE 1 STR. 16

1. resort, 2. bath, 3. pillow, 4. share, 5. mansion, 6. cellar

ZADANIE 2 STR. 17

1. F, 2. T, 3. F, 4. F, 5. F, 6. T

ZADANIE 3 STR. 17

Bedroom: pillow, bed, bedside table

Kitchen: fridge, kettle, microwave

Living room: carpet, sofa, coffee table

Bathroom: towel, washbasin, mirror

ZADANIE 4 STR. 17

1. flat, old town, park, cinema, department store, museum, car park

2. cottage, forest, field

ZADANIE 5 STR. 18

1. shower, 2. garage, 3. suburbs, 4. park, 5. flat, 6. central heating

ZADANIE 6 STR. 18

• Well, if I were to choose, I’d like to live in a flat. It’s easier to take care of it. You don’t need to mow the lawn, prune the bushes or trees you have in the garden. You don’t need to worry about a leaking roof or removing snow in front of your house in the winter. Of course, not having a garden may be a disadvantage for some people. It’s nice to have some privacy outside. But I could manage with a balcony. Nowadays flats don’t have to be small. Some flat are of 80 or 90 square meters. There is probably one major disadvantage to living in a flat – neighbours. Sometimes, you can almost hear everything that say when they argue or speak loudly. On the other hand, if you live in a house, you can also have nasty neighbours.
• I’d like to live in a terraced house because it sounds like a compromise between a detached house and a flat. You get a small garden, a garage, you can plant some trees. I’ve been living in a flat for the last couple of years and I’m happy about it. It has four bedrooms, so everyone has some private space. We have a big kitchen, a balcony and a spacious living room.

ZADANIE 7 STR. 19

1. house, 2. landlord, 3. accommodation, 4. estate agent, 5. share, 6. flatmate, 7. bills, 8. move out, 9. removal, 10. housewarming, 11. tenants

ZADANIE 8 STR. 19

1. dust the furniture, 2. make the bed, 3. sweep the floor, 4. vacuum the carpet, 5. do the laundry, 6. empty the dishwasher, 7. fix a broken chair, 8. mow the lawn, 9. wash the dishes, 10. tidy up the room

ZADANIE 9 STR. 19

1. renovate, 2. demolish, 3. erect, 4. interior, 5. multi-storey, 6. ceiling, 7. foreman

Edukacja

ZADANIE 1 STR. 21

primary school – szkoła podstawowa

state school – szkoła państwowa

vocational school – szkoła zawodowa

boarding school – szkoła z internatem

secondary school – szkoła średnia

public school – szkoła prywatna

ZADANIE 2 STR. 21

1. absent, 2. fail, 3. England, 4. professional, 5. examiner

ZADANIE 3 STR. 21

computer lab, teaching staff, leave school, entrance test, get a certificate, mock exam

ZADANIE 4 STR. 22

1. chalk, 2. foreign languages, 3. school trip, 4. absent, 5. do homework, 6. punctual

ZADANIE 5 STR. 22

1. graduate, schoolboy, headmaster

2. graduate, cheat, attend, progress

3. workbook, canteen

ZADANIE 6 STR. 22

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

I’ve attended public schools my whole life and they are OK. It’s hard to say whether I’d prefer private ones. In my opinion, each type of school has its advantages and disadvantages. Public schools are free, and private schools can be very expensive. They can cost hundreds of Polish zloty per month. Public schools are overpopulated. Nowadays there’re often more than 30 students in each form in high schools and in primary schools over 27. In private schools, there’re between 15 and 20 pupils in each form. The smaller number of students, the better. Then the teacher can focus more on each student during a lesson, and the relationships are usually better. In both type of schools students may be forced to wear uniforms, but nowadays I think there are maybe only a few public schools which have uniforms. Another advantage of private schools is schools trips. They organise definitely more schools trips than public schools. Both types of schools have extracurricular classes.

Well, school subjects for the future. That’s a hard question. We should know some IT, do definitely some computer skills should be taught. Also, students should have maths, but very practical maths so they understand loans and prices, and offers. During biology and chemistry lessons, we should focus more on practical things such as healthy food, protection of the environment. We should also understand the law better, and learn communication and negotiation skills.

The internet can be very helpful in education. Student just need to learn how to use it to their advantage, and that’s not always easy. We mostly copy without even understanding what it all is. Also, online teaching is possible, but I don’t like online teaching because I don’t have enough discipline. Interactive whiteboards usually don’t work very well. They take a lot of time, but are not useful. Overhead projectors, on the other hand, are very helpful if the teacher has interesting stuff to show and discuss.

Praca

ZADANIE 1 STR. 24

1. carpenter, cook, plumber

2. well-paid, unemployed

3. full-time, temporary, part-time

ZADANIE 2 STR. 24

application form, job advertisement, shop assistant, work freelance, on the dole, on duty

ZADANIE 3 STR. 24

1. scientist, 2. interview, 3. busy, 4. translator, 5. boss

ZADANIE 4 STR. 25

1. secretary, 2. postman, 3. waiter, 4. shop assistant, 5. teacher, 6. journalist

ZADANIE 5 STR. 25

1. part-time, 2. overworked, 3. self-employed, 4. for, 5. application, 6. from

ZADANIE 6 STR. 25

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

I’m a very active and curious person, and I think that I’d like to be a scientist. This means I’ll probably be working for someone: a private laboratory or a university. But I have nothing against it. For me it’s even better. I have less organisational matters to worry about. Being a scientist means that I cannot really work from home. I have to be in a laboratory. Also, I like working in a team. You can achieve a lot more collaborating with other people. I may consider working for an international company if they offer be better working conditions, bonuses, multisport cards. If necessary, I’ll work long hours and stay after hours, but I’d rather not do that very often. I don’t want my job to outbalance my whole life. I don’t want to work my whole life doing the same stuff over and over again. I’d like to develop. I’d like to get promoted, too. Last but not least, I’d like to earn a good living. I don’t need to be rich, but I’d like to have a comfortable life.

Życie prywatne

ZADANIE 1 STR. 27

do: the ironing, housework, the cooking

get: ready, dressed, up

have: a rest, supper, a shower

go: out, shopping, dancing

ZADANIE 2 STR. 27

1. relaxing, 2. hoover, 3. niece, 4. marriage, 5. picnic

ZADANIE 3 STR. 28

grow up, foster parents, bring up, look after, birthday party, wedding reception

ZADANIE 4 STR. 28

1. go out, 2. piano, 3. chess, 4. look after, 5. shopping, 6. the shop

ZADANIE 5 STR. 28

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

I don’t think it’s easy to answer this question. In my life, my close family, my parents and my grandparents, are as important as my friends. That’s because I don’t have many friends. The word friendship means a lot to me. I have maybe two or three best friends. They’re equally important. I don’t just have one best friend. Of course, I have acquaintances, too. But they’re not that important. At least once a month, I meet and hang out with each of my friends. We go to restaurants, museums, art galleries, cinemas. We walk together a lot. On the other hand, I get on well with my parents. Sometimes, we argue, but I think it’s normal. My family isn’t big. I don’t have many distant relatives, but I have grandparents. I visit them every two or three weeks. Among all my family members, I have the closest bond with my mum. I think. We talk a lot. We discuss many things happening in my life and in general. She’s very important to me. I feel safe with her. There’s no need to compare family and friends; they can be equally important.

ZADANIE 6 STR. 29

1. get on well, 2. argue, 3. quarrels, 4. fall out, 5. drifting apart, 6. cheated, 7. behaviour, 8. disagreement, 9. split up / broke up, 10. an affair, 11. split up / broke up, 12. propose to, 13. engaged, 14. give up on, 15. divorce

Żywienie

ZADANIE 1 STR. 30

fruit: peach, plum

vegetables: radish, leak

fish: herring, trout

meat: poultry, lamb

meals: snack, tea

ZADANIE 2 STR. 31

1. cod, 2. pork, 3. garlic, 4. herb, 5. onion

ZADANIE 3 STR. 31

a carton of juice, a bottle of milk, a jar of jam, a loaf of bread, a bag of sugar

ZADANIE 4 STR. 31

1. hungry, 2. cup, 3. ice cream, 4. serve, 5. recipe, 6. stir

ZADANIE 5 STR. 31

1. breakfast, 2. lunch, 3. dinner, 4. tea, 5. supper

ZADANIE 6 STR. 32

1. a loaf of bread – florist, 2. painkillers – chemist’s, 3. fresh vegetables – grocer’s, 4. chocolate bar – newsagent’s

ZADANIE 7 STR. 32

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

In my opinion, healthy eating means having a balanced diet. A diet which doesn’t lack any nutritional value, for example eating enough carbs (carbohydrates), fats and proteins. Depending on the level of your physical activity. I think we should eat four or five meals a day. Small portions but regularly. There should be a lot of fruit and vegetables in our diet because they have a lot of vitamins and other useful chemicals, and they are high in fibre. And what’s more – the less processed food we eat, the better for our health. Organic and ecologically grown vegetables, fruits, grain and better for our health. They don’t contain bad substances such as herbicides. It’s the same with meat and fish. They both have more nutritional value if they come from good sources. I think we should eat meat maximum three times a week. Fish maybe one or two times per week. And of course, we can’t forget about water. It’s very important to drink at least 1,5 litters of water per day.

ZADANIE 8 STR. 33

Zakupy i usługi

ZADANIE 1 STR. 34

1. loan, 2. poster, 3. fail, 4. insurance, 5. accident

ZADANIE 2 STR. 34

1. bargain, 2. account, 3. size, 4. bill, 5. fishmonger’s, 6. credit card

ZADANIE 3 STR. 34

1. get a refund, 2. market research, 3. health insurance, 4. shoe shop, 5. opening hours

ZADANIE 4 STR. 35

1. loan, pay off, change, 2. leaflet, poster, attract, 3. insured, insurance

ZADANIE 5 STR. 35

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

I prefer shopping offline. No matter what I’m buying. Food, clothes, shoes, electronic devices. For me, it’s important to see something before I buy it. If it’s food, I want to make sure it’s fresh. If clothes or shoes, first I want to try them on. See if they fit me, and of course if they suit me. When you shop online, you probably have a wider variety of products available. But it doesn’t discourage me from going to the shop. Sometimes, there are quite nice bargains and sales in online shops. The truth is there are also sales in regular shops which aren’t on the websites of those shops. So it’s a win-win situation for everyone. I think that nowadays you can buy practically everything online. Probably one thing is offered on a few different websites at different prices. I think there isn’t one good answer to the question which type of shopping is more convenient. Each of us has their preferences. For me, traditional shopping is more convenient because I can try things on, see them, I don’t have to wait for delivery, there’s always someone from sales staff to help me.

Podróżowanie i turystyka

ZADANIE 1 STR. 36

1. check in, guest house, full board, twin bed, youth hostel, book a room

2. buy souvenirs, go camping, be on holiday, package holiday, do sightseeing

ZADANIE 2 STR. 37

means of transport: ferry, lorry, tube

airport: airline, boarding card, check in

train station: sleeping car, platform, station

ZADANIE 3 STR. 37

1. ticket office, 2. timetable, 3. fare, 4. destination, 5. caravan

ZADANIE 4 STR. 37

1. luggage, 2. change trains, 3. trip, 4. town hall, 5. motorway

ZADANIE 5 STR. 38

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

My favourite way of spending summer holidays is sightseeing. That’s because I like discovering new places. I’m really into history, and for me, it’s an amazing feeling when I hear all those stories of people who lived in a particular place hundreds of years ago. I usually go on sightseeing trips with travel agencies. Alone or with my friends. Trips in Europe usually take 7 to 10 days, and that’s long enough for me. There’s enough to see the most impressive buildings, visit museums and explore attractive places on your own. During my trips, I normally stay in comfortable hotels. I like when they serve breakfast and dinner, and are close to the city centre or a subway station. That’s the most convenient option for me. If it’s possible, I choose to travel by plane because it’s the fastest and the most comfortable option. Of course, I’m also open to other types of holidays, but I must say I like comfort, so I don’t think I’d ever choose to sleep in a tent.

ZADANIE 6 STR. 38

1. pay attention. 2. signs, 3. break down, 4. accident, 5. rescue, 6. tyre, 7. fasten, 8. safety, 9. emergency, 10. survive, 11. slow down, 12. travel sickness, 13. journey

Kultura

ZADANIE 1 STR. 40

art gallery, box office, feature film, remote control, live broadcast, oil painting

ZADANIE 2 STR. 40

1. journalist, 2. novel, 3. frame, 4. dance, 5. column

ZADANIE 3 STR. 40

1. Art: sketch, sculpture, still life

2. Film: subtitles, dubbing, cast

3. Music: record, songwriter, lyrics

ZADANIE 4 STR. 40

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

I’m a very active person, so I’m really into hiking. It’s been my hobby since primary school. That’s when I started going to the mountains with my parents. First, we went the mountains nearby, and later higher ones, which are far away from my hometown. I didn’t really have a choice while taking up this hobby because my parents just started organising those hiking trips and took me with them every time. Actually, I’m happy they did. I enjoy mountains very much. We used to go hiking almost every week when I was in primary school, but now when I’m in high school, we do it maybe once a month. Sometimes, every two or three months because there’s less free time. This hobby isn’t very expensive, but you need some money to do it. We travel by car, so we need to pay for the fuel. And when it comes to equipment, you need proper hiking boots, hiking clothes such as special t-shirts, shorts and trousers (depending on the weather) and a backpack. Hiking is a lot of fun. It’s tiring but relaxing at the same time. You are close to nature, so you can calm down.

Sport

ZADANIE 1 STR. 42

ball games: football, handball, basketball

winter sports: skiing, skating, ice hockey

water sports: windsurfing, diving, swimming

ZADANIE 2 STR. 42

1. draw, 2. bat, 3. net, 4. whistle, 5. amateur

ZADANIE 3 STR. 43

do: gymnastics, karate, athletics

play: basketball, volleyball, golf

go: swimming, skating, skateboarding

ZADANIE 4 STR. 43

sport: baseball, stadium, swimming

equipment/place: bike, pitch, racket

ZADANIE 5 STR. 43

bungee jumping, weight lifting, score a goal, break a record, set a record, Olympic Games

ZADANIE 6 STR. 44

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

I prefer individual sports. In individual sports, your results fully reflect your work and dedication. There are no other teammates which can influence the score of the match or the overall result in a competition. You and your coach can be credited for your victories and blamed for defeats. Plus, I prefer individual sports probably because I like working on my own. I’m an individualist. That’s why I used to play chess in primary school. I even took part in some tournaments. From time to time, I also like playing volleyball and basketball with my friends. Just for fun. I’ve never played those team sports in a school team. There’s only one sport I don’t really like. It’s football. I find it really boring. I don’t understand how it’s possible that so many people are so much into it. I occasionally watch some sports on TV. Usually the Olympics. Both summer and winter Olympic Games. I find athletics and some winter sports such as ski jumping very interesting. I believe sports can also be very dangerous. Especially team sports such as rugby or ice hockey. You can get seriously injured while playing them. I don’t think individual sports involve such a risk.

Zdrowie

ZADANIE 1 STR. 45

sedentary lifestyle, feel dizzy, lose weight, do exercise, sore throat, put on weight

ZADANIE 2 STR. 45

1. bleed, 2. sneeze, 3. drops, 4. ointment

ZADANIE 3 STR. 46

1. sick, 2. painkiller, 3. injections, 4. sedentary, 5. bleeding, 6. allergic

ZADANIE 4 STR. 46

1. F, 2. C, 3. A, 4. D, 5. B, 6. E

ZADANIE 5 STR. 46

1. matter, 2. terrible, 3. symptomps, 4. headache, 5. weak, 6. temperature, 7. flu

ZADANIE 6 STR. 47

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

In my opinion, it’s very important for each person to regularly see the doctor and get medical check-ups. Those check-ups should be done once a year or even twice a year if you’re over forty. Depending on their type. For example, blood tests should be run once a year. It’s a simple and fast test, but at the same time, it can show abnormalities at early stages of a disease. We can also undergo a general physical examination done by our general practitioner. I think that basic regular check-ups should be mandatory for both kids and adults. That’s because they can help us and doctors discover potential illnesses very fast. So that they don’t develop into serious ones. Prevention is always better than cure. Medical check-ups aren’t the only thing if we want to stay healthy. We should exercise, do some sports or other types of physical activity. And we must eat a healthy diet. We mustn’t spend too much time in front of a computer screen. Also, taking care of our emotions and moods is very important. Having friends helps you stay healthy, too.

ZADANIE 7 STR. 47

1. addicted to, 2. gambler, 3. binge-drinking, 4. non-alcoholic, 5. therapy, 6. get rid of, 7. habits, 8. drugs, 9. prescription, 10. improvement

Nauka i technika

ZADANIE 1 STR. 48

A. inventions and scientific discoveries: photocopier, appliance, headphones, key

B. technological devices: save, download, dial, file

ZADANIE 2 STR. 49

1. save, 2. screen, 3. surf, 4. electricity

ZADANIE 3 STR. 49

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

In my opinion, a very useful technological achievement is the mobile phone. The first mobiles didn’t resemble today’s smartphones at all, but they were portable. So you were able to call other people practically from anywhere in the world, whenever you wanted. Not only from your house. It was expensive but possible. I think in the beginning, it helped businesspeople run their companies. And later it helped everyone. Parents can always contact their children. If you see an accident, you can immediately make an emergency call. Apparently, the only disadvantage of modern smartphones is that people get addicted to them, and large corporations start controlling them; they are like zombies. They always have to check something on their phones. They seem to be more interested in the virtual world than in the real one. Smartphones make your life easier in many ways. On any type of electronic device which has access to the Internet you can manage your bank account or use the GPS to find your way. You can talk to or text people around the world, do the shopping, read news, watch films. Everything seems to be okay as long as you see your smartphone as a tool, a useful and versatile tool, but still a tool, like a hammer, for instance. On the other hand, when you hold you phone in your hand almost all the time, it probably means your life is far less enjoyable than it could be, because it’s not real.

ZADANIE 4 STR. 50

1. digital, 2. cyber, 3. data, 4. malware, 5. bug, 6. access, 7. identity fraud, 8. scam, 9. fake, 10. password, 11. antivirus, 12. infect

ZADANIE 5 STR. 50

Modern technology and the Internet have dominated both our private life and professional career. That’s why I think that social networking is very useful. Especially websites such as LinkedIn, WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram. I use all of them apart from LinkedIn. Via WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, you can keep in touch with your family and friends, share moments from your life. And all that for free. If you have access to the Internet, of course. LinkedIn is a great tool which can help you develop your professional career. It’s also a way your future employer can verify your qualifications, skills, projects you’ve done, people you’ve worked with. It increases your credibility. Nevertheless, there are some disadvantages of social media. A lot of fake news spread very fast. Quite often, our data and other personal information isn’t well protected. Sometimes, it’s even sold to other companies. And some people get addicted to social media.

Świat przyrody

ZADANIE 1 STR. 51

climate: wet, dry, Mediterranean

weather: storm, sunny, frost

landscape: mountains, waterfall, lake

ZADANIE 2 STR. 52

global warming, natural disaster, population growth, greenhouse effect

ZADANIE 3 STR. 52

1. oak, 2. valley, 3. hot, 4. pollute, 5. wolf

ZADANIE 4 STR. 52

1. fertilizer, 2. freezing, 3. birch, 4. feed, 5. recycle, 6. greenhouse

ZADANIE 5 STR. 53

1. D, 2. E, 3. A, 4. F, 5. B, 6. C

ZADANIE 6 STR. 53

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

In my opinion, the natural environment is in danger first of all because of human activity. All those cars we drive pollute the air. Factories dump sewage into rivers and pollute water as well as ground. This often results in the extinction of many plants and animals. This is not good for the environment. Also, people produce thousands of tons of rubbish every year. And they just put it all in one place. Only a small percentage is somehow recycled and reused. More and more trees are being cut down. As a result, we have deforestation, which means that less oxygen is produced. Possibly, some natural disasters contribute to destruction of the natural environment. Volcano eruptions, floods, hurricanes. They also pose a threat to the environment. If we want to protect it, we shouldn’t fly planes a lot, instead of driving a car, we should choose public transport. It is alarmingly necessary to use renewable sources of energy such as water, wind and solar energy. Recycling our rubbish is essential. We can also try to waste less food and compost leftovers.

ZADANIE 7 STR. 54

1. gravity, 2. space exploration, 3. solar system, 4. telescope, 5. galaxy, 6. astronaut, 7. eclipse, 8. outer space

Państwo i społeczeństwo

ZADANIE 1 STR. 55

1. country, 2. refugees, 3. government, 4. border, 5. foreigners, 6. racism

ZADANIE 2 STR. 55

1. lawyer, 2. guilty, 3. city council, 4. poverty

ZADANIE 3 STR. 56

[przykładowa odpowiedź]

In my country, the most common crimes are theft, burglary, pickpocketing, and vandalism, especially in larger cities. Issues like juvenile delinquency and violence are often linked to poverty and unemployment. The government should focus on addressing homelessness and combating discrimination, including gender inequality and racism, to improve the quality of life. Being a politician has pros and cons. It requires being a good leader and responsible for managing resources, but it also involves pressure and criticism. Personally, I wouldn’t make a good politician because it’s a stressful job. Finally, I believe everyone should have the same right to vote, regardless of their background, as this ensures fairness and equal participation in the country’s future.

ZADANIE 4 STR. 56

1. The Red Cross, 2. The World Health Organization (WHO), 3. The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), 4. The European Union (EU)